Ponds and lakes with insufficient oxygen levels face challenges in managing the nutrients introduced or accumulated in the water through runoff, fish waste, decaying vegetation, and other organic matter. Over time, this leads to the buildup of sludge or pond muck, creating an environment conducive to excessive weed and algae growth. This accumulation of organic waste is the primary cause of pond maintenance difficulties as the water body ages.
Microbial action plays a crucial role in breaking down and recycling organic waste. Beneficial bacteria, such as those found in the Pond Biologics® line, help efficiently reduce this waste. However, these microbes require oxygen to function optimally and establish sustainable, stable colonies that are essential for maintaining a healthy aquatic ecosystem.
Bottom or forced-air aeration systems, are designed to address this issue by introducing oxygen into the water through the circulation of high volumes of water. The aeration process brings water from the bottom of the pond to the surface, where it is exposed to the atmosphere, allowing for the diffusion of oxygen into the water.
When the system is activated, the onshore compressor forces air through self-weighted tubing, which connects to diffusers or bubblers placed at the pond's or lake's bottom. As air is released through the diffuser, it creates a column of air bubbles that lifts water to the surface, facilitating the exchange of oxygen between the water and the atmosphere. This continuous circulation of water, from the bottom to the surface, enhances oxygen absorption, providing vital dissolved oxygen for a healthy aquatic ecosystem.
Floating Fountains or Surface Aerators
While floating fountains are aesthetically pleasing and can generate high levels of dissolved oxygen, they primarily circulate only the upper layers of the water, typically no deeper than 4 feet. While they contribute to oxygenation and circulation, they are less efficient in promoting oxygen diffusion compared to forced-air aeration systems.
Surface aerators, on the other hand, offer significant water circulation and an excellent dissolved oxygen input, making them ideal for shallow ponds less than 6 feet deep, even as shallow as 18 inches. Although surface aerators do not provide the visual appeal or spray patterns of a fountain, they are highly effective in providing the greatest amount of water turnover and oxygenation.
Regardless of whether you choose a surface aerator or a fountain, both systems are valuable for promoting water circulation and improving dissolved oxygen levels, which are essential for maintaining a clean, healthy pond or lake.